By Leonart Stöckel

Schoolmaster of Bartfeld.

Printed in Wittenberg by Hans Lufft.

1559

Two old men, with great effort, attempt to violate Susanna's chaste modesty. However, she retains her virgin purity unviolated, neither by prayer nor by hard threats she is not swayed, and God himself frees her, exposing the men's schemes through the voice of the Prophet. The church is now in great peril, as these two men try to defile it. One is an impious Pope, the other a Turkish thief. Alas, with what deceit they seek to harm me! But God, always defending her with paternal love, will destroy these shameful men with his lightning sword. This, in native elegance, the Muse of Stokhelij will tell you, and give it to the reader in the light. G. Purkircher.

From the Royal Library in Berlin.

To the distinguished, honorable, and wise Mr. Johannes Mornberger, councilor of Breslau, my highly respected sir and friend. God's grace and my very willing services first. When my youth / Distinguished / Honorable and wise / highly respected sir and friend / had intended for their practice this year to perform the story of Susanna, and some writers' compositions were presented to me, I have gladly let each one remain at their own merit, as is fair, and particularly well-suited for me, yet I also wanted to practice and try myself, even though I was not only burdened with many tasks, but also with a severe illness, and thus I reshaped the mentioned story of Susanna anew, with the intention that such a work would remain only within its own workshop, for other schools should not lack my help / God's reward, especially in the German nation, which lacks nothing in all kinds of writers. What I never intended, others have taken upon themselves, and have dealt with me in such a manner that I did not wish to prevent this writing from being further spread through print. To their desire, I have at last gladly yielded, for I am certain that this work, if it does not bring much good, will surely not bring any heresy or other evil.

I have, however, especially wished to dedicate this writing to your Honorable Wisdom, as my particular lord and friend, for I have received much goodness from both your Honorable Wisdom and from the honorable and virtuous lady Anna, widow of the late Lord Niclas Rudger the elder, your Honorable Wisdom’s beloved sister. Thus, in order to show my thankful heart—not according to my own will, but according to my modest ability—I earnestly ask that your Honorable Wisdom will not disdain this small token of my gratitude, but rather accept it in good will, as I fully rely upon your Honorable Wisdom.

May the Almighty gracious God and Father of our Savior Jesus Christ keep you and yours in His grace.

Dated in Bardejov, February 7, 1559.

Your Honorable Wisdom,

Leonard Stöckel,

Schoolmaster of Bardejov.

Prologue.

Argument.

Sedechias

the two Elders.

Ahab

Susanna

Anna Dirmen.

Sara

Joachim

Helchias

Judge

Councilmen

Steckenknecht

Hencker (Executioner?)

Daniel

Benjamin, Susanna's little son

Rachel, Susanna's little daughter

Procurator

City Clerk

Sacerdos

Epilogue

We should rightly practice in Latin / Since we are disciples of that language. Practice more than in German speech / And adjust our speaking accordingly. To use the same form and art / For where else should one learn such That our speech has a proper shape/ Has, and maybe a power. To accomplish something among people / That one would let oneself be persuaded. For from the books of learned people / Who, during the time of the Greeks and Romans, Have been, and with great diligence Have turned, in a reasonable manner, To bring everything to light / So that one can well understand it. However, we must adjust ourselves to the times In which few people. Are proficient in Latin tongues / That's why we now for many years alone. In common language let us hear / So that we can understand each other. For as a preacher has listeners / So he must speak / and according to the state Adjust himself / if he wants to build something / And accomplish much with the teaching. This our doing holds itself equally / Which is set up for this purpose. That we, who are listening to us / As much as is in us, would like to. Give reason / that they remember the teaching / The more they remember. As will be shown by this story So composed of Susanna. For it will provide much teaching / Whoever wants to pay attention to it. That we do not spend our time in vain / By bringing such a beautiful poem But what the sum of it is / Will say, who comes after me.

There was a man named Jojakim / Taken to Babylon. When God punished the Jews / And delivered them to the enemy. A pious, rich, and wise man / To whom everyone clung. And all Jews in common / In all matters, great and small. His wife Susanna was virtuous / Among all women there was none like her. The daughter of Helchie, who had diligently Raised her according to the Jews' wisdom. Two elders sought to uphold their honor / And when their desire failed, They quickly devised a lie / With a beautiful appearance. As if she were caught in adultery / They relied on an oath. The poor woman was condemned to death / and the harsh torment. But God sent Daniel, With his earnest divine command. He freed the innocent blood / And brought the guilt with brave courage. Upon the accusers / and turned the tide / So that the punishment struck themself. And the false judgment brought to right / The judges made their case poorly.

I do not know what has happened to me / The likes of which I have never felt before. All my life I have never experienced / Even when I was a young lad I did not feel this / What I see this time. In my old gray days / I cannot wonder enough. Before great passion, I don't know where / My heart and mind are captured. Besides, I must not reveal / What has affected me, an old fool. Shame on you, shame on you, you old rag / That you put on the fool's cap. Who do I see walking over there / If it's my companion, I would stay. He is also, good luck to my friend /

I am certainly not your enemy. And I wish you with all my heart / That you fare well all your life. But you would not resent me / I think something big is bothering you. For I watched you from afar / You were acting very strangely. From this I can well deduce / There is something big on your mind.

Oh, don't have such thoughts of me / And even if it was, what would it matter to you to deal with, what whims I had / Who is there that doesn't feel this way at times? That his thoughts become so full / That he doesn't know what to do.

However, you should not withhold from me / What is bothering you so much this time

Maybe I can give some advice / To put your heart at ease. A person, when in distress / Doesn't do well to hide it. For no one can advise themselves / If they don't have a loyal man. To whom they reveal their troubles / And from whom they expect good advice. So tell me, what's bothering you /

What doesn't burn you, don't extinguish.

Well then, I meant well / And would have done as befits a friend (which are few though) Not leaving you in need / Now I want to entrust you to God And go back down my street / Look, dear friend, think better of it.

What should I do? I'm so much / Should I keep silent forever and ever. Until my heart completely withers / It's about my life, and it's no joke. I'll risk it in God's name / And show him my heartache / For I have no better friend. Among all those here on earth / Return, I ask diligently. Anxious sweat comes over me / Now I don't want to hide anything from you.

I'm coming, well then, now tell me / You've known my mind for a long time / To advise, I'm quite willing / What will serve you best /

Oh, the devil has tempted me. I am ashamed to show / What's happening to me now. Acha. What kind of man are you. Am I not like your own heart / I mean it faithfully and without joking.

I don't have any doubt about that / Yet I still shy away from the day. The matter is too coarse, my friend / I never meant it. What has happened to me during this time / With my great heartache.

No one else should find out / I will keep it so firmly to myself. That it would be as if said to a stone / So just be undaunted.

Since you really want to know / My heart swells with great love. I have no peace, not a single day / At night, I can't sleep either. I burn and suffer incessantly / The passion and heat are without measure.

One should have my illness / Tell me, what do you long for, my man? If I could quench such passion?

I held faith in your art. But if you were like me, Even if you were a skillful man. Your art would be too little / To quench such great heat and passion.

Yet you shouldn't despair / Just tell me, what's your problem? Where is your heart so inflamed?

Susanna, do you know her well? She has completely possessed my heart / I tell you, and say it truly. If I cannot possess her / My life on earth is over. Oh Susanna, you beautiful image / Of lovely form, rich and gentle. None like you have ever come to earth / Oh, how lovely is your demeanor. No painter could paint you more beautifully / With their swift hand and art.

From that, I also knew what to say / But my heart is not over the limit. As he says, inflamed towards her /

Oh, if I could just see her for an hour And refresh my eyes / With her form, so pretty and fine. I wouldn't take much money for it /

Now let me confess something to you too.

There might be something with you too /

I don't deny it. For I also lie in this hospital / And feel myself in the same situation. The woman, so beautiful and charming, My heart will never forget her. But I don't let myself be ruled by desire, I often turn my face away from her. So that I don't fall into a greater passion, Because it's pointless. To pursue her /

Oh, I'm facing all kinds of trouble. But I won't stop now /

Look, don't let wit fail you. She's a woman rich in virtue, In chastity, none can compare to her. Never is she found alone, Her maidservant always with her. So, between her and her lord,

Whom she rightly holds in honor, A great love, and where that exists, All deceit and guile are lost. What can't be attained, It's better not to pursue it at all.

I know a way, I think it might Help me achieve my intention.

I would stand with you, If it would work for us.

Don't doubt it, listen closely, I will tell you briefly and simply. Do you know the garden behind the house?

Shouldn't I know it then? She usually brings her lord The most beautiful flowers, and honors him. When we come together with him /

You're right, you've observed that. Now listen further to what I say, When the sun reaches its zenith. And the heat takes over, She goes, as I well know, Usually to the mentioned garden, And takes no one with her Except two maids, who follow her, And, as appropriate, serve her. Through the garden, a pure stream Flows in the shade, like under a roof. For large trees stand on the edge, Which turn away the sun. When she feels a bit playful To bathe, she undresses. And sends back the maids quickly, To fetch her soap and ointment. On such a fine opportunity, We may lurk at the right time. And when we find her alone, Don't be lazy or hesitant. Surprise her and force her, Thus, our plan might succeed. The female folk are quite fearful, That's why they easily forget. Before the maids come out of the house, We'll have set everything up.

By my faith, you're right, Our matter will become simple. If we don't spare our diligence, We'll catch the prey we desire, Bring it in our net and enjoy our pleasure, Susanna, you must pay for it.

It is also almost time, That we should wait for our prey. Before she enters the garden, We must hide within.

I would have a little to do before, But I'm willing to do it. As much as I can't neglect at home, That would be much more preferable to me.

We dare to do it, may luck strike, No one can do as much as you.

But in my opinion, it would be better, Not to hurry too much. And stay from afar right here, Until she goes into the garden. Afterward, we would have to prepare, And only then proceed with the matter. For if she doesn't come to the garden today, Our waiting would be in vain.

Well, your advice pleases me, No one quickly considers what he should do. A man is no man, as it is commonly said, That's why there are thirteen in the council.

Hold on, she's coming already /

That's good news for us.

Let's take a position, Where our ambush will be.

I think it's better if she comes first, And then we can close the door behind her.

The idea is good, I'll let it be, Many plans are part of the lottery.

I rightly heard, I say, I'm inclined to go to the garden, While the master is eating, And my maidservants can go ahead. And take the baskets, so that we can Pick up what we need.

We won't hesitate, for if we, Dear lady, serve you well. It's as much as serving God, Who has given us this task.

Praise God, I have pious maidservants, Of whom you can find very few now. And especially among the maids, Who can indeed take good care of themselves. One doesn't need to tell them to go to sleep, But when it's time to get up, It's hard enough for the master and mistress, Because many keep a jug by the bed. To have a good sleep drink. And then sleep with a free spirit. So that they don't feel a flea all night, Because they never wake up. And when they don't have their fill, As can't always happen, They can grumble and complain enough, Saying the maids are not smart. Those who stay in such a house, Want to move out immediately. But how the work is done, That doesn't touch their hearts. If you scold them, they scold back. Even if the woman goes back and forth in the house, it doesn't help; nevertheless, enough harm is done. Yet they wish to be highly celebrated. But such are not the maids that my God has granted me. For without His blessing and grace, no one can have a good household, His gift is also a pious wife and child.

According to what you have sent us for, we bring it here, now tell us quickly. What more do you want from us, for nothing should be too difficult for us.

I know of nothing now, just follow me. What will be my desire, I will show in the garden, Where I indulge in my pleasure. Not merely for the sake of fleshly joys, But because God the LORD shows Himself marvelously there, That, in particular, delights me. Indeed, a person should be much differently minded Than a cow or a pig. And think of God day and night, Who by His Word creates and makes all things. When we behold the sky, With its lights, we should learn from it The great glory Of the Creator for eternity. The work shows the master, Even if we cannot see Him. The sun governs the day and the year, Making sure there is summer and winter. The moon shines at night, its course creates months. The other stars also perform their duties, For which they were all made. And they have a marvelous effect on the Earth, For they cannot make themselves fruitful; They must enjoy the heavens to be fruitful. I think of this all the time, And so find my pleasure and joy. Not in clothes, as some women do, Who look at themselves from front to back. Therefore, when I go into the garden, And carefully observe everything around me, How beautifully everything grows, I think of the Creator and His honor. For heaven and earth and all else that He has created through His art, Is like a book written by Him, And has remained so from the beginning. So that we humans have it before our eyes And can recognize from it How powerful, how wise, how benevolent He is And thus freely confess Him. To Him we hold ourselves in all distress, As to the eternal, true God. Who with His presence Creates and illuminates at all times. Such also teaches me my garden, Wherein God has bestowed much good upon me. He be praised forever. Now follow me, you faithful maids.

Who would not gladly follow you? My heart leaps for joy. When I am around you, and hear you, With your beautiful, lovely teachings.

The game, I hope, shall not Escape us and shall be well preserved for us. Now let us take care, That she cannot detect us, Until the maids have gone away, And she alone will stroll in the garden.

It does not do well to delay. Where the trees stand thickest, We will secretly enter the garden. And wait until she is alone, So that we can quickly follow her. Sometimes we'll give kind, sometimes harsh words, To ensure our plan progresses. Once we've accomplished our purpose, We'll wipe our mouths and leave.

After that, I care not at all What all our preachers Commonly sermonize against such vices. It pleases me so well. The priests will make no difference, As it has been on Earth.

Leave such talk now, it is time, That we delight in our pleasure.

Two handmaids, sent back from the garden.

As the lady walks in the garden And feels inclined to bathe, She sends us back to the house To quickly bring soap, balm, and white clothes, Which we shall diligently fulfill.

She is worthy that we fulfill her will At all times with care. May God preserve her for a long time, So that no harm may ever befall her. She has a faithful, pious heart, Her daily housekeeping is no joke to her. No idle word escapes her lips, She fears from the bottom of her heart God, her Lord, whom she calls upon, Surely He cannot forsake her.

We can affirm this well, For her actions are full of blessing. Whatever she undertakes, it succeeds well. Surely, it is the blessing of God, without which a person's efforts are in vain. Even if he were King Solomon. But let us hurry to accomplish what she has just commanded us to do, and what she needs for her bath.

Ah, sister, what does this outcry mean? It seems to me that it is the lady's voice. It is true, oh Lord God, be merciful to us in this distress.

Oh woe, oh woe, what have I experienced! My heart trembles and quakes with terror. Ah, what distress has befallen me, a poor woman, so that my body and soul are deprived of all strength. All this is the doing of the cunning devil, who is a bitter enemy of all people, but has a particular regard for us women. It's not just because we are weak that he swiftly practices his cunning on us. But also because through a woman his head was crushed, forcing him to concede that humans might escape his tyranny, death, and all miseries. And because this particular woman should be chosen from among all Jewish women, he tirelessly schemes, as he himself is eternally damned, to lead us into sin and disgrace, as nearly happened to me. If God hadn't protected me, who sent His angels to my aid. How cunning is this disgraceful spirit, that he attacks us most when he finds us alone and separated from the community. As he did in Paradise, when Eve found herself alone. He easily brought her down, filling her with his poison and bile. Since it worked there for him, he still perpetually practices the same deceit. Oh, if I had foreseen this, I wouldn't have let my maid leave my side.

What has happened to you, my dearest lady? Do not withhold your misfortune from us.

Alas, what use is it for me to lament so much, it does me no good to speak of it. After you had left, our elders showed their desire for me. They tried all sorts of things to make me forsake my fidelity. I barely escaped from them, or else they would have taken me by force. To satisfy their devilish lust upon me, and fulfill their whims. God alone has preserved me from disgrace, to Him be praise and honor in all lands. They will certainly take their vengeance on me, as their desire has shamed them. Yet I would rather endure it all, than to have great fear before God, if I had committed the sin, swiftly through the devil's deceit and trickery. Let us now go back inside, the matter will be entrusted to God.

The chance we have shamefully missed – what do we do now, show me that. For I lack so much reason, all my cunning fails me here.

What do you think we should do, other than to scratch our heads now? This can be done in this way, if we only show diligence. We will occupy the court, and present this tale there. How we caught her in the act, with a young man. And that he has escaped us again, because we did not apprehend him properly.

What if we are asked for witnesses, what will we then respond?

Your concern here is utterly needless, Don't you know that you are the eldest, And I am the second next to you? Who would dare to accuse me Of not speaking the pure truth? Anyone who would accuse me of lying Would be playing with his tongue. So you should be unconcerned. I will surely find a way, A handle that will not break.

You can't set it up any better, Speak, and I will commend such a tale.

Go quickly, run along, you errand boy, Gather the community for a trial. And tell them to come together immediately, Say it to each in our name.

This is for you, my dear wife, Who are dearer to me than my own life. Why are you weeping and sad, Which is not like your usual self. Do not conceal from me, your most faithful, What is so greatly troubling you now. So that I may quickly offer you advice, For I always carry concern for you.

You, my most beloved lord, I am well aware of your great fidelity. The more I have entrusted myself to you, To be faithful to you until my grave, And to lead a chaste life, For I am not my own, but yours. But as for what nearly befell me recently Through the cunning deceits of the detestable devil, I wish to tell you that alone in the house, My dearest lord, For I am ashamed to speak of such things publicly, as would be proper.

Then let us, in the name of God, Not listen to your complaints here. But rather in our little chamber, Where only God will be with us.

You know, my lord, how often you have taught and instructed me on how a married couple should conduct themselves if they want to live rightly. To also be modest in front of their servants, and not to cause any child offense. God alone should know their secrets at all times.

I remember such teachings well, therefore, I should follow them myself. But what does it mean that the community is gathering at my house now? Our matter must stay as it is, for the public good tends to outweigh the private, although in our times the common good often suffers. Everyone thinks only of their own, whether the community stands or falls. Go inside, my dear wife, I must wait here for word which the elders will provide to me; I pay close attention to them. They are already on their way here, to tell me the latest news.

Good luck to you, my dear Joiakim.

What are you elders thinking, gathering the community so hastily? Must there be great distress?

The matter is indeed not minor. Would to God things were better with us. Lewdness is rampant, from which all sin and disgrace stem. We also greatly offend the pagans, so that they scorn our teachings. Because they see such evil examples among us, who go about in full swing. Those who seem the most distinguished are often the worst. Therefore, we are compelled not to be so lenient and gentle. But to seriously oversee everyone, women and men alike.

This matter concerns me just as much. But my companion can help better. He shapes the matters in such a way that people are compelled to believe forcefully.

Joiakim:

Your diligence and seriousness please me. For if vices are not pursued, they increase day by day, until they become uncontrollable. Who can now prevent usury and drunkenness? Such vices are highly revered.

Achab:

Such a judgment you pronounce against yourself, as will soon become clear. Honorable gentlemen from the community, please take your seats; we are now to be the plaintiffs. A rare event has occurred today, unlike anything that has happened before in our time.

The court is already in session. Whoever has something to complain about or address at this feast, let them come forward without delay.

To ensure that my lords are not delayed too long and become anxious.

Achab:

As we are the eldest in the people and stand before the entire community, it is fitting that we be heard first. Moreover, this matter is not ours alone, but that of the entire Jewish community. Yes, of the Lord God, who has chosen us as His people by grace. Therefore, if we conduct ourselves rightly and adhere simply to His word, His honor is upheld. On the contrary, He is dishonored if we lead a shameful life, different from what befits His people. Now hear me further, dear lords, as you have no cause for complaint. Since you are called upon to administer justice at all times, just as the pious King Josaphat instructed his officials. We were walking in Joiakim's garden when Susanna came along.

With two maidservants, yet she did not see us, as often happens. God blinds the eyes of people when they are about to be disgraced. And their cunning comes to light, so that everyone can see it. And their hypocrisy no longer helps to cover up their misdeeds further. We wanted to see the end of this affair, so we went into a thicket. Not long after, she sent the maidservants away to hide her deceit. Then a young man, finely dressed, came into the garden. Susanna went to meet him, greeting him quite sweetly and kindly. One could discern her lord in what followed. For in court, one should speak with great reverence, just as if standing before God Himself, which, however, is seldom the case nowadays. To punish this horrible act, as God has commanded, we ran up and seized the young man we found with her.

However, we did not guard him well, as one should. Because we are not officers or executioners, the wicked child escaped us. Therefore, we swear a solemn oath on this seat of justice. For it behooves us to complain no differently than what we can truthfully say. Based on such a complaint, our request is that you bring the woman here and deal with her according to our law. Not to regard her high lineage, but to punish her severely, so that others may take her as an example. And think that if she is not spared, it will be even more likely that we are rewarded, if found in the same situation.

Sedechias:

What Achab has said is entirely my sentiment as well, and you should consider well what you should do, so that God is not angered and something adverse does not befall us all. To our great disadvantage and harm, if we incur His wrath. For when those in authority do not maintain justice...

God Himself must take care of her and punish both rulers and subjects alike. There are many examples of this for those who wish to heed them. The woman will likely deny vehemently, but her denial should not hold more weight than our affirmation. For, as God says, one should not believe just one person, but in the mouth of two or three witnesses, the testimony has a proper foundation.

We have heard your complaint, from which nothing can yet be determined until we have heard the other party. Therefore, it is only right that you wait for this. For what seems true in the complaint often becomes clearly false once the other party is also heard, as daily experience teaches us. You, servant, go to Joiakim and command him on our behalf.

He should appear before us with Susanna, his wife, and not stay away. You plaintiffs, step aside for now and wait further for our instruction.

Achab:

In God's name, dear lords, this should not trouble us at all.

What do you think, lords, about the matter? We have not encountered such a case before. Therefore, it will occupy us. Whoever loses, it will cost them their life and also eternal disgrace, along with all their relatives. And it involves high-ranking individuals, our elders on one side. On the other side, however, Joiakim, who is our chief and father by the voice of all Jews. Advise on this, lords, with your wisdom.

Truly, Lord Judge, I am very apprehensive; the matter is inherently difficult. There are many complications involved, so I would much prefer to be far from it. Such considerations do not occur to foolish people who aspire to be in authority. Even if they seem fit for it, it does not turn out well for the people. Those who consider themselves qualified and scornfully disregard others. Their actions often align as if one were to harness a horse from the rear. For God, the Lord, turns them into fools, so they must learn through their own detriment. How He always shames the presumption of humans.

What's the use of us lamenting so much? I suggest we should not concern ourselves with it. Even if it turns out that our judgment has flaws and faults, and the people hold it against us, we can well respond to them. Why have you made us judges if you consider us unfit for it? Find more capable people next time, and if you don't want to wait, do it today.

I would not be angry, my pious lord, for my sin, of which I accuse myself. This person in such a state has surrendered herself to despondency. Her preservation on Earth should not be determined by people, but by God alone to govern. Unexpectedly it has come to this hour, he must first show such people also their body endure such times. In giving next to the person and

only for the sake of the pious the entire sand. Thereafter one must tap on a stick, practicing the art so anxiously. Finally, good counsel should lead to action from there. From this, God must also provide teaching, peacelessness and unity alongside. For such an agreement produces something common from the midst.

But where God does not bestow it, I would not wish to bear the burden. And there must still be governance, how else is the community to be necessary. Take what she can get, and must be content with it.

Whoever cannot afford a country-style garment is given a gray coat to wear. Better that than to go completely naked and suffer great shame. The same applies to choice. Therefore, we must seriously and soon ask God to be an overseer. Otherwise, things cannot proceed properly or lawfully. We should not take the office lightly but submit ourselves to God and sincerely acknowledge our need. Thus, we should call on Him at all times for help, which only He alone can provide. Without this, even the wisest tend to stumble and fail. The wiser and more intelligent they are, the easier they lead their community astray if they do not rely on God but build too much upon themselves. Since we now hold this office and bear the sword in our hand, we must carry it with patience. We should also ask God for grace and favor, that He may be the Supreme Judge so that we are not deceived.

We should not only acquit the just but also punish the wickedness of evil people. In doing so, spare no effort and use all possible means to get to the bottom of the matter. Then a well-rounded judgment can be pronounced.

For the sake of brevity, I will leave it at that, Mr. Judge, as this gentleman sitting next to me has said, upon your request.

That is the correct opinion, gentlemen. Therefore, you should gladly follow others. Let us then, in God's name, tackle this difficult case. If only Susanna were present, and the servant is already on his way.

Mr. Judge, all the people for whom I was sent are now present.

You may bring her before us, as we have been waiting for her. It's good when a matter can be settled. But here, that's not the case; the issue is of a different nature.

Upon your command, wise lords, we have appeared before you gladly. And we humbly ask that Your Lordship not be burdened. To briefly present the matter for which you have summoned us.

Would to God it were a different matter, and you would not even need to inquire about it. But we cannot resist it, as the court has been commanded to us. We must hear the complaint and the response and, as much as possible, ward off the evil. I will summarize the matter; be prepared for your response afterward. Our two elders accuse Susanna of being with another man...

They claim she was unfaithful and secretly broke her marital vows. They present strong evidence that they are not speaking untruths. For they caught her in the act; what she has to say about it, we will want to hear. We are just as eager to hear her side as the other party and will not favor any person out of human will and desire.

Nonetheless, I have never in my life seen anything like this, wise lords (I hope my words do not burden you), as I am hearing from you now. We have always strived to avoid wrongdoing in our entire circle of friends and family. But regarding my wife, in particular, I perceive nothing inappropriate. There are no signs, large or small, to be observed in her, except that she loves me very faithfully; if I lack the slightest thing, she immediately weeps.

She takes my sorrow to heart much more than I, her faithful husband. Such a thing is not done by one who has turned her faithfulness into wickedness. However, what kind of life she led before I became her husband is better known to her father than to me, who is also present here.

Oh, what have I, a poor man, experienced, that now such a thing befalls me. My child, from her childhood, has always shown me loyalty and honor, always kept God, the Lord, in her sight in both significant and minor matters, continuously praying that He would protect her from sin and disgrace. She has also proven this in her life, which pleased me the most. Now my joy is turned into mourning, which greatly burdens my old age. Although I have no doubt that she is wronged by the accusation, a father is still anxious when his child is involved in a scandal.

Oh Lord God, have mercy on me and help me out of this distress, into which wicked people have led me, so that I do not condone their evil.

It may all be as you say, but we cannot see into anyone's heart. We must hear the complaint and the response and not rely on a simple yes or no. We must pay attention to the evidence, whoever can show a better reason. To them, we must assign the right, whether we are correct or mistaken. Therefore, it is a serious matter with the court and not insignificant. If you have not yet considered how your response should be presented, by yourself or through a man who can speak well about the matter, you can consult outside, the better it will go for you. You may also invite the plaintiffs in, to see what they have in mind against you before they re-enter with you. The matter, as you see, is not minor.

For we do not want to rush anything with you, as we should not. Honor and life cannot be measured in terms of money, hence they should be held in high regard.

We thank you for this grace, allowing us to seek counsel.

You, servant, inform the people that the matter can no longer be delayed. They should present themselves before the court so that justice may come to light. That is why no court of justice is held at night.

Mr. Judge, here are both parties, awaiting your wisdom.

Although I have briefly presented the complaint as you plaintiffs have made it, and the other party should carefully prepare a response, it is the order of proceedings that both parties present the reasons that have led them to seek common counsel. This is the last resort when all other help fails. Therefore, if someone without shame, out of pure mischief and knavery, bypasses their authority, whether timely or untimely, before being driven by the utmost necessity, as ordained by God, they are deserving of much greater punishment than what befalls the other, should they be found guilty. For it dishonors the authority if every unreasonable person opens their mouth before it. Now you plaintiffs, show what Susanna has done to you.

Mr. Judge, here is our complaint: The immorality of this woman has come to light. In the garden, we caught her with a fresh and young lad. This concerns not just us alone but also all the Jews in general. For if we were to remain silent on this matter, how could we have peace before God? We all bear the knowledge of how God struck down many thousands of our forefathers in the desert because they mingled with the wicked and did not repent of their immorality. Yes, His judgment was so severe that He did not spare the judges, because each had forgotten his duty. Moses gave his steward a stern command to put them to a shameful death and to hang them before the community, so that they would be an example of God's wrath for everyone, against which everyone should take heed. Therefore, we are justified in accusing this wicked household.

That immorality and villainy bring misfortune upon the entire community.

We do not deny that our office, to punish all vices, is ordained by God the Lord. And when the authority forgets itself, turns a blind eye and does not punish, then He Himself holds the court, over both the rulers and the subjects. Yet, He also expects us to declare the right reasons and not to pronounce judgment hastily. For we are humans who cannot see into the hearts of all people. Therefore, we need evidence upon which the judgment can be based. And that no violence is done to the innocent. Therefore, quickly present the evidence in the complaint.

Do you not consider us truthful people?

Dear sir, forgive me for this. Even if you yourself were the truth, it still belongs to the right.

That you must bring evidence, as ordained by God. For He knows well how easily one can be led astray by influential people. Therefore, He has strictly commanded that each deed must be proven. Tell me, where is the lad you caught with her?

We have already said that because the scoundrel was utterly dismayed, he escaped from our grasp with cunning and is otherwise unknown to us.

Perhaps he is yet to be born, the one you say is lost.

Mr. Judge, since you do not believe us, contrary to our hope and expectation, we are ready to take an oath to advance justice. And place our hands upon her head as a testimony that we acknowledge the right.

We must be satisfied with that; further, you cannot be pressed.

Advocate:

Mr. Judge, let it not be against you that I may speak on behalf of the woman and respond to the complaint. For even if she is innocent, a woman can easily err due to her innate timidity.

That is not denied to you here. For in court, anyone who cannot speak for themselves is allowed to have someone else represent their words. Therefore, you may continue to speak.

The poor woman is in great danger, as is obvious to everyone. She is alone on her side, and against her are two men. Furthermore, the elders from the people. If these are hostile to a person, it is hardly possible to stand against them. One must succumb to their power. Thus, this woman is also subjugated through power with grand words and beautiful appearance... attacked in this court, where she has no other means of defense but God in Heaven, who has so far graciously preserved her honor. It is clear to the entire people that from her youth, she has always lived chastely and modestly, above all the women of the city. God-fearing, pious, faithful to her lord, before whom she has such great awe that she has done nothing without his knowledge and will, neither big nor small. And in summary, there is nothing to be found, from the time she came into the light, the slightest suspicion that there was anything to criticize about her, of which not only we are witnesses, but also commonly all of our people. Let that be considered, dear gentlemen, and protect her in her honor. Also, see now her modest demeanor, her eyes, which she does not lift from the ground.

You hopeless babbler, what are you talking about so much and performing your monkey tricks here. Your useless chatter, your hypocrisy, and tongue-twisting do not count here. And since you do not prove the matter with certain testimony, as is necessary in court, we have won the case as we desired. The lascivious deceiver presents himself finely to deceive people with his appearance. However, such things count for nothing here, so that we can now see the beautiful image with his shameless forehead and in the future, no one is misled. We will remove her veil; it would be better if she took it to the grave.

Oh dear lords, I lament the violence that my child suffers in many ways. You see that it is pure caprice of these people full of devil's cunning. Whoever wants to use the court properly must tell their case plainly, without any cruelty, hatred, or fury, and wait for the judge's voice. Be satisfied with the judgment and not overstep the bounds.

How these brazen, capricious people, who have taken on this reproach not out of love for justice, but to cool their own spite, are shedding innocent blood according to their devilish mood.

Dear lords, consider the matter, so you don't regret it later. Investigate everyone's life, and that will give you a correct judgment. No one has heard anything about my wife that would warrant punishment and damnation. These, whom we want to admit, commit many things they shouldn't. Many have been oppressed by them in court, as these stories show. Moreover, they live quite disgracefully and indulgently in their house every day. In constant quarrel with their wives. When they look at them, they become ill. Now they are also projecting their cunning and trickery onto our women, as is evident. I ask you, lords, consider this, so that their wrongdoing is not condoned.

Oh, dear lords and my judge, do not be angry that I also speak. Although I am very fearful of this, necessity compels me to say various things. What they bring against me, they have defiled themselves with. And unexpectedly pressured me, singing sweet and sour, insisting that I should comply with their desire, which I did not want to do. And I ran to the house with loud cries, thus freeing myself from them. Since they couldn't fulfill their lust, they devised this trick. To cover their shame with this trial and to falsely accuse me, something I never intended in my life, so that they could escape disgrace. God knows I speak the truth; I can speak no otherwise. I appeal to their conscience to bear witness for me.

Mr. Judge, the case is being greatly delayed, we request that you proceed with the judgment. After the complaint and response, as these people will not cease chattering today. So as not to delay the court...

We have not heard anything superfluous yet, for one must not complain here, much needs to be explored and heard. And in addition, consider much more, although it is difficult for us. That we make the right judgment and straighten what is crooked. Step back so we can deliberate on this matter and report back to you afterward.

Lords, you have heard the case and that the plaintiff seeks justice. May God help us to make the right decision, as the matter is neither minor nor insignificant. Say in turn what seems good to you, from a fearless heart. I too will lastly share what I can consider.

I wish we could postpone the matter so that it could be better addressed. In the meantime, more might come to light, from which more conclusions could be drawn. Then we could better decide before pronouncing the judgment. Truly, I am very concerned that injustice might be done to the woman without any fault of her own, and merely out of hatred, envy, and great malice. There is no sign of evil conduct in her, and the misconduct of the elders greatly troubles me.

This opinion would be good, but it does not apply now. For today it must come to an end, as it happens with our conscience. So that we do not further break our heads over this trial. And the matter is not too complicated, we can easily get out of it. If we carefully consider the circumstances, as judges should.

On one side are two men, whose words bind much more firmly than those of a woman. In addition, they swear a solemn oath and seek justice. According to this principle, we now have to direct our actions. Because the woman is being convicted, the right belongs to the one who has the strongest evidence. This is my simple advice. Yet, whoever has better advice, deserves that I yield to them.

I agree with this opinion and have no better one. We must judge as we hear, and not concern ourselves with other matters. Even if the woman is wronged, we are not responsible for answering that. But the plaintiffs [are responsible], if they have not presented the case rightly, but wrongly.

I sincerely and heartily regret, not only for the poor woman...

But also for the honorable family, whose honor is now greatly tarnished. However, we can do nothing against it, neither favor nor disfavor counts in court.

Now that we have stated what seems good to us, please share, Mr. Judge, what seems good to you in this matter.

I would very much like to praise and accept the first opinion, dear gentlemen. That the matter should be left open until it is fully certain. Due to suspicions that arise in this life. But the court is already in full swing, we must let it run its course. And since the plaintiffs are better equipped, it is right that the right is assigned to them. The woman, however, should be executed from the earth through the judgment of the law.

Since all of you agree, I too must yield to my opinion.

May God ensure that we do not err. I feel very weary about it.

Let the people enter, so they may witness the judgment. I do not know how it always goes, but it feels as if a sword pierces my heart every time I have to pass a capital judgment, even though I am well informed in a matter, according to the order from the beginning. But this case weighs particularly heavily on me now.

Oh, dear sir. I also wanted to say something, but the tiresome people are already arriving.

Almighty God, you have given mankind the power to hold judgment in this life, so that it does not get out of hand...

That evil may not prevail, but what good there is on Earth may be preserved. In this, we often find ourselves too weak, too lenient, or too hasty. Often we lack understanding, leaving some things unknown to us. Therefore, we humbly ask that you have mercy on us. Grant us to make the right decision. We are only your unworthy servants. And do this to honor your name. Let everyone say with me, Amen. Judges: Amen.

You who have initiated this process, who have brought the complaint against Susanna, do you still stand by everything you have alleged to these gentlemen and me?

Mr. Judge, I remain steadfast in it.

I have no shame in admitting that.

Do you acknowledge this under oath?

Yes, sir, as per our previous statement.

Mr. City Clerk, record it formally...

Because they are driven to take an oath by their desire. Both of you, repeat after him loudly, all words while on your knees. And raise your eyes and fingers up, as long as he speaks before you.

Susanna, you have heard the oath, what is your response to us?

What can I, a poor woman, say to that? I realize, it has now happened. Even if I were to swear a thousand oaths to protect my piety, it would not help, for a man counts more in court.

For many women and against me stand two powerful men. I can do no more than to entrust myself to God in this great distress. Afterward, dear lords, in your mercy, even though this guilt is truthfully brought upon me, a poor woman, you judges are powerful enough to forgo strict law and show me mercy.

Not so, not so, it shall happen according to your deeds, you shall receive as you deserve.

And the same to you, my accusers, for I will be your prophetess. I shall enjoy my innocence, while your guilt will press you to the ground.

Now that Susanna herself confesses that we in our office are more obliged to believe two men than her alone, we pronounce the judgment, and it cannot be otherwise.

For she is to be taken out and stoned off the earth. As God commanded through Moses, to remove such evil from the city. This judgment is pronounced by me, and the staff is also broken. As a sign that it shall remain so, you, servant, quickly fetch the executioner. Let him take Susanna into his custody and carry out the judgment promptly. You others, keep her under guard until the executioner arrives.

I humbly ask you, lords, to allow me to bid farewell to my family on this my last day. Then to commit and surrender my life into God's hands.

That shall be permitted to you, by me and these gentlemen of mine.

Show me, dear maiden, give me your tender hands. They have already done their part, it cannot be otherwise now.

You may do what you are commanded, yet God does not forget my distress. Oh God, creator of heaven and earth, become my only comfort and helper. To you alone all things are known, your eyes see over all lands. Long before anything happens, it is already before your sight. You know the minds of all men and know that I am innocent. And that my accusers have falsely charged me, because I would not fulfill their will against your holy law. Yet, this death is preferable to me than your dreadful wrath, oh my God.

Before you, no harm will come to me, but to my enemies, it will not bode well. For your word cannot fail, and everyone must enjoy or pay for their deeds before you. You can still help me out of this distress I am in, that I may not be executed. Like the brave young men who confessed you before the king, were preserved in the fiery furnace, so that not a hair was lost. If it is your will, dear God, that I suffer this disgraceful death, then let your will be done, and keep my soul safe. That I may conclude and end my last day in true faith. I know you have heard me, and will do what my heart desires.

My heart feels like it could burst into a thousand pieces in such great misfortune. Lord God, look upon my heartache, for all my joy is already gone.

Now, I want to bless you, my beloved lord, as I can no longer be with you. Always be thankful that you have shown me all loyalty and honor throughout my life. I could have wished for nothing more. Almighty God will richly reward you in your time of need. Although I have always tried not to anger you in any way, something has happened. So, I ask that you forgive me for God's sake and pardon me. With this, I entrust you to God's protection against the defiance of all enemies.

Ah, ah, my most faithful companion, would that I had died long ago under your hands and not lived to see what has arisen with you this time. It would be no wonder if my soul left my body out of sorrow.

May God grant me patience and hear our cries.

He will do it, do not doubt me, for His judgments are wondrous. Listen to what I tell you, oh my little children, do not forget my teachings. Do not grieve your father, who has already seen enough heartache. Please him with your obedience, and all will be well with you always.

Oh, my dearest mother, where are you going? Let me be with you, for I do not wish to be far from you, my dear mother.

My dear son, it cannot be, my journey is too far. Your father at home has much sweetness, go with him from this place. And you, my dear daughter, follow your pious father. Do not anger him, I tell you, and as you have been with me every day.

In the evenings and mornings, in the divine teaching, spoken together with my little son. Continue doing so and call upon God, He will let you enjoy it.

Oh, dearest mother, if it were God's will that you could stay longer with us, to raise and finely teach your little children. There would be nothing dearer to me on this earth.

What is not bestowed through me, your father will practice with you in my place, following his counsel.

Oh woe is me, a poor maiden, now I am robbed of my mother. Oh heavenly Father, have mercy, graciously hear our prayers.

Do not grieve my heart, dear child, cease your lamenting, with God one finds all help and comfort, call upon Him, He cannot abandon a pious heart.

Lastly, I thank you, my dearest father (for your kindnesses are not small), in summary, for time does not permit many words. It was never my intention to grieve you with my being. But if something like that has happened, please forgive me. God will not leave unrewarded this disgrace, which He cannot endure, when the innocent suffer violence. The vengeance will soon follow.

I cannot speak much with you, my daughter, time does not allow it. I will follow you soon to the grave, if God wills, I am old enough for that. My heartache, which I now suffer, will also execute me. Oh God, how harshly you attack me, comfort me again mercifully.

Lady, I have waited long enough, now make your way with me.

God bless all of you, pious people, who are deeply saddened by my misfortune. God will be your rich rewarder. I wish no evil upon my enemies. May God give them a different heart so that they may convert sincerely. Now, help me, God, on this journey, to endure the hard death and torture. According to your will, do not allow the infernal villain to have power over my soul, but help it to find rest in you.

I cry out before God and everyone that I exclude myself from this. I do not consent to the judgment, for this woman is being wronged. God will avenge this, you will see, if this judgment is carried forward.

Why do you shout, boy, and are so bold, insolent, and proud that you dare to oppose the entire regime, which is weakened and disgraced by you. And you take the side of the adulteress, be careful not to be led to the same punishment with her, if you want to be our lord and prince.

You brazen liar, how dare you alone oppose the entire community?

You will soon learn why I am now so courageous. I will soon sing you a song that will not bode well for you. Hold still, servants, and do not hurry, there will soon be a different judgment, so that innocent blood is not shed, inciting God's wrath. I will give the lords better counsel to practice justice.

Oh God, my faithful Father, look mercifully upon your servant.

This help surely comes from you, to help me out of this distress. You have awakened the pious young man, so that he may reveal your divine judgment. As humanity has erred, continue to show me your grace.

Mr. Judge, I ask, allow me to present what lies heavy on my heart. The matter is significant and concerns both you and the entire community alike.

We are obligated to neither oppose the young nor the old. Anyone who has something to present, therefore, I cannot prevent you from doing so.

You have pronounced a false judgment, which will not go unavenged. Unless you change it yourselves and turn to God's message. For he has sent me to you, a judge and lord over all lands, to bring you such a message, to save the innocent woman.

Look, young man, see if you can prove what you accuse us of. It is not a matter to joke with the court; those who scorn it will not be spared by it.

Mr. Judge, I am certain of the matter, if only your wisdom would once again call both parties before you, who are waiting for my decision.

Go, servant, and bring them back. Their luck may well turn. You, however, shall judge in our place, since God has appointed you here, to direct the case and show where we have done wrong. We are convinced enough that we had no other choice.

To pronounce the judgment, since you understand it better, go ahead and do it.

Dear lords, do not take it amiss what happens now through me. You paid attention to the accuser, which led you astray. You did not investigate with enough diligence how and in what manner such a deed was committed. In sum, you lacked counsel. It is not to be taken lightly with human life, which we cannot give back. And God, the Lord, always seriously avenges innocent blood.

Mr. Judge, is it your command that I bring the woman back before you?

It is so, release her hands, so that the matter may be recognized anew. Since the matter is unrecognized, everyone's hands should be free. You accusers must give an account of your testimony, pay close attention to that.

What does this mean, dear lords, will this add to your honor? That you yourselves punish your court, which you should not suffer from others. Do you want to be ruled by this liar who cannot keep his mouth shut? What will such a regime ultimately come to in the end? If you err in your judgment, it should be settled by someone higher. Yet you let a child master you?

Dear Mr. Achab, do not insist so much. We do not obey a child, we are not that foolish and irrational. It is the work of the eternal God, we rightly fear His strength. If you can justify yourselves, then your case remains poor.

Susanna remains in her previous state, just as she was previously condemned to death. You can be satisfied if no injustice is done to you.

Mr. Judge, firstly, my advice is, to make the deed known, to let one of them step outside. We will soon get to the bottom of it. For God will surely bring the evil to light, He can easily do that. The hidden will become apparent, so that the lies are not taken as truth. And the innocent will be saved, as is often experienced.

Mr. Sedechias, step outside, Mr. Achab is making himself too suspicious.

And he has a very uneasy stomach, so we will question him first. Servant, it is commanded to you, bring Sedechias back in. Daniel, do now as you know, and listen to how he proves his case.

Now your misdeed catches up with you, which you have long committed. Many pious people you have condemned and recognized many scoundrels as pious. So that the judgment is completely reversed. Whoever curses you in pain, he himself fares well. I will remain silent about the other vices you have committed tirelessly. God could no longer watch, you must now experience His wrath. Because you have gone too far, almost brought a pious woman to death. Disgracefully led the authority, with your lies and falsehoods. But this is how it always goes, so that the wicked receives his reward. For when punishment is at hand, the wicked forget themselves.

And if a misfortune begins, leading to his death. Now tell me, you old man, your hair may be grey and white. But your heart is full of villainy, filled to the brim with cunning deceit. Where do you think you saw Susanna with her guest? What kind of tree was it under which they had their affair? What do you think of first? If you were certain of the matter, it would be easy for you to say, even if no one asked you.

It was a linden tree under which they committed their evil deed.

The linden wood shall become hard enough for you, full of villainy. Your own testimony shall bring you down, from here to hell. Your great sin shall already weigh on you, so that you receive your due reward.

Mr. Judge, let him return to his place, so that he may be treated according to his word. His companions should be brought here, they will probably tell us even stranger things. What do you bet that he hardly knows anything about his companion's linden tree? A hard wood is meant for them, to be planed and taught manners.

Servant, take him into custody until we hear the confession of his companion. Doubtless, he will soon follow him, whatever the case may be. It seems to me his heart is quite heavy. Daniel, now take him for questioning as well.

Speak up, pious man, without hesitation, under which tree Susanna and the young companion were. My dear, cheer up. Why do you keep feeling worse? It's only worth a word and no more. You will soon have it chewed over, no one can wait for your words.

It was an oak tree where we saw her, approaching her secret friend in a friendly manner.

Oh right, oh right, you corrupted man, your crime is now coming to light. You have named the right wood, whose ash is healthy and unburnable for you. He should be set aside until the matter is deliberated. Frau Susanna, you are free for now, but you must soon present yourself again. When the judgment is held over your accusers, as is fitting.

First, I thank the Almighty God, who has freed me from the distress of death. Then to you, Daniel, His servant, for rightly helping me. Lastly to you, lords, for collectively acknowledging my freedom. I will have plenty more to thank for later, together with my dear lord and husband. To the Lord God, who has so miraculously saved me today.

I remain silent about my dear father and my beloved children. O God, You never forsake those who are Yours, who build firmly on You.

You see, dear lords, and note how far you have strayed from the right path. And if God had not specially had mercy on the people and saved the innocent blood, you would have caused great misfortune. To yourselves and to all of us alike, especially in a foreign kingdom. Since it was decided several times that all of us Jews should be murdered, so that not a man would remain, be mindful, lords, not to handle God's law so carelessly and poorly. Instead, consider everything seriously and be mindful day and night that everyone is treated justly. This should be your constant endeavor.

May God not hold against us the foolishness and the evil brought upon us by the villains with their deceit. From now on, we must be more vigilant to prevent such things from happening again and not fall into God's judgment.

Let the witnesses be brought forward, at this time we want to use their statements to make inquiries and allow everyone to express their opinion.

What should we undertake, God has entrusted this judgment to you. Therefore, you can better handle this matter, while we will follow suit. Whatever you deem just, we are willing to accept. For you cannot err in this matter, as God's spirit and light are with you.

You know, when seeking advice on how to punish a misdeed. The sin and wrongdoing should be carefully and well considered, so that the punishment and the sin can be more easily compared. In this crime, many heinous acts come together: corruption of justice and false oaths, which even a pious pagan would fear. Therefore, they are also blasphemers, who have quickly brought a pious woman to shame and death, as you know. Therefore, they have earned not just death, as is imposed on others, but a special punishment, and not because they are elders should we go easier on them, but precisely for that reason, they should be met with harsher punishment, so that everyone takes heed and thinks: If these are not spared, much more will the same happen to us. I would also like to present an example, which is not of little importance: A judge in a city has passed a false judgment.

When the king heard of this and thoroughly pondered it in his mind, he had the judge flayed and his skin stretched over his chair. Then he placed the judge's son on it and said, "If you do not want to suffer such a fate as your father, respect and uphold the law." For such punishments for the higher-ups are always set by God as an example, so that the masses pay more attention to such remarkable examples. But you, lords, in this case, can judge according to our law this time. For Moses says: Whoever accuses someone before the authorities and is found to have wronged his neighbor, should immediately suffer the same thing he wickedly planned to do to his neighbor, so he endures equal punishment. It is easy to conclude that these should be taken out and stoned to death, so that they end in equal distress.

To avoid their transgression, wherein Susanna was truly pious. This is my opinion; what you have to say about it, you can now. Each one can express his opinion individually.

I have no lack of confidence in this. For God the Lord speaks through your mouth, therefore your judgment has a good foundation. You lords, say, what do you think.

My opinion is completely in agreement with yours.

Had we judged so before, we would not have erred.

We can thank the eternal God, who has helped us out of trouble and did not let our foolishness pass, through which the elders led us astray.

The matter is so clear, no one can contradict it.

So you, Daniel, in the name of all, will publicly announce the sentence. Acquit the innocent part and allocate punishment to the guilty. The people are also coming here, they won't have much to laugh about.

Susanna, your cry has reached God, who has saved you from death's distress. And brought your innocence to light, shaming your adversaries. They have fallen into the pit they dug for you. As it happened to our enemy Haman, who plotted against Mordecai. And had already built a gallows, on which he intended to hang him. He himself had to be strangled on it, so wonderfully can God arrange things.

Therefore, I publicly acquit you of all guilt and punishment. That for your great dishonor today, you may receive tenfold honor. You can go home with your lord, whom you rightly hold in high esteem. Also with Helchias, your father, who will now be reborn. You will delight your children and servants, may God grant you this for a long time.

I truly know no one to thank for being freed from the executioner's hand today, except my God, to whom be praise, honor, and glory at all times, from now unto eternity.

I do not know what to say, my heart is so full of joy. That God today returns to me my most precious possession on earth. For nothing is so dear on earth that I would hold it so valuable and precious.

Therefore, I wanted to encourage my dearest companions, let go of all the silver and gold. Now she will be even dearer to me, as she has become mine anew. Just as if she were awakened from death, into which she had already completely sunk. This is how God deals with his saints, to Him alone be honor and thanks, who casts us down into hell and the grave and also leads us out again. Now let's return home. We do not wish to see our enemies' punishment, rather, we lament it. However, we cannot do anything against it, it happens by God's decree.

My dear daughter, I am reborn with you, believe me. Previously, death was not far from me, now I thank God, my Lord. He has not shortened my life but has overthrown the enemies. You lords, now that you have allowed us (for you are the head of us all),

Now that we have the power to go home, may God stand by you in His grace. That you administer your office for the good and piety of the entire land. Nothing else should be perceived from us, only what is due to honest people.

Now step forward, you pious people, and hear the verdict God will give you through us judges, because you have disgracefully corrupted the justice and blasphemed God with false oaths, causing annoyance far and wide. Then falsely accused Susanna and brought her to the brink of death as far as it was in your power. Finally, you instilled fear in the entire community, which should have been punished because of you. You will deserve to be burdened with so much torment as much as you have committed treachery, to receive equal recompense. Especially since you should have served other people as administrators of justice.

For such deeds, they should be punished, as a deterrent to everyone. Yet we shall grant you mercy, with our unanimous counsel. What you intended to bring upon Susanna, shall now befall you. As God has commanded in the law, take action, Master, and do it immediately. What our sentence entails, each will face according to his deeds. People may think themselves clever, intending to deceive everyone and even God in heaven, because they still follow their cunning. But in the end, comes a time when nothing spun so finely remains hidden, but must come out into the sun and before everyone's eyes. This has been the case from the beginning, yet the scoundrels still refuse to believe it.

I never believed such a thing, and so now I must surrender my head.

Dear lords, you see your plight, that you must suffer the bitter death. There is no way to escape it, so that the law is satisfied and the scandal is removed, as a deterrent to both women and men. Now see how you stand with God, who is not satisfied with temporal punishment but wants to take eternal and unending revenge on those who refuse to repent, as all our prophets teach us.

Who brings this destructive priest here with his useless, foolish babbling?

I wish he were with the devil. We care little for his teachings.

Not so, lords, think carefully, I speak what I must speak.

Let me speak until the end. It's not me, but God's word that you are desecrating. By doing so, you will deserve even greater punishment if you do not repent.

Then keep talking as long as you like. My heart cares little for it.

I don't value it at all. The priests make it up to earn their living on lazy days and to maintain a comfortable life.

I see well that my teaching will be in vain, yet I do not care. For God can soften even a heart of stone, so that it does not take lightly what is said to it about God and His judgment. And even if it doesn't help, I will have done my part, which I do not consider insignificant. That I maintain a clear conscience and am innocent of their blood. You must first recognize this and humbly confess before God.

That you have not only deserved this temporal torment and pain imposed by secular law, which can go no further. But to suffer in eternity for your injustice. Yet, do not despair, for God will drop his stern judgment if we sincerely repent of our sins and appeal for mercy. And wish to enjoy this mercy alone, to escape eternal punishment and pain. He does not detract from the worldly authority; indeed, He wants it not to spare. For it is set not to practice mercy but to enforce strictness over the law, so that evil is curbed and repelled. And so throughout the lands, God's wrath over sin is recognized. So that whoever has despised the teachings of parents, schoolmasters, and preachers, may finally be admonished by the judge and his servants that they have done wrong and still turn to God, who can save from eternal death.

The people will be saved if they firmly embrace His grace. So that the temporal pain does not harm their life, which is full of eternal joys and delights, where all misfortunes are forgotten. And such abundant grace was earned by the same Savior, who is to come from our line, as promised to Abraham. So that you now, over this judgment, do not fall into God's eternal verdict, embrace this teaching that has come from God.

You lost priest, has God spoken to you as you now claim?

You are truly a fine man that God specially speaks to you.

God indeed spoke with Moses, as He did with the prophets.

Now I speak no other word than what they have heard from God and written in their books. Therefore, you should repent. Lest after this death, you also fall into the torments of hell.

Yes, if someone had come back and told us what he had experienced there, then I would believe there might be something to it.

But God does not want to enlighten through dead preachers, but through living people, in those who are willing to be taught.

And even if it were as you now tell us, it is still lost for us. How can God, the Lord, now not let his wrath fall upon us, who have never done anything good?

God's word is treated as a mockery, threatening with eternal death. All people, because of sin, a horror I'm only now beginning to feel. And I see, it's been waited too long, waiting for the last hour.

As long as the temporal life lasts, it's time for a person to repent. And whoever does, to them God has promised mercy through His word.

You whistle well, my dear fellow, but if you were in our situation, you would have quite different thoughts.

You might as well leave us alone. There is no hope or confidence left to stand before God's judgment. If we are not innocent before men, how can we be pure before God?

That's correct according to the law, but God has established a gentler justice.

Through the promise of His grace in the name of the Messiah, whom He has appointed as the reconciler of the whole world. If a person only adheres to Him, they cannot die in their sins and perish in eternal torment.

Oh, better preach to others about that, for us it's already over. According to our deeds, it shall be done to us; it cannot be otherwise for us.

Since nothing helps with you, let your blood be on your own heads. I bear no guilt in this, for I have done what I could.

Why do you delay, Master, for so long? We are so terribly anxious. Do it quickly, so we escape the torment and the sooner, the better into the grave.

So we no longer have to endure mockery.

My dear fellow, there is no need to worry. I will not be lacking in my duty, ready to execute a sentence that sends a soul flying – a craft in which I am well skilled. Go quickly from here, as eagerly as I would hunt down long-coveted game. I consider myself something, not just punishing peasants. But also, great lords must follow me wherever I lead. I adorn myself with their fine clothes, the others I don't keep long, barely worth three pennies. A better prize is now bestowed upon me, for which I don't thank you, as it's not your will that such finery becomes mine. For your hearts are full of wrath and would rather do to me what is soon to befall you. But I don't care about that; none of you can harm me anymore.

These have already been taken away and will now receive their due. A stony garment will be laid upon them, as they have deserved. Now listen, honorable people, to what such a judgment and punishment mean. One could secretly kill the malefactors, concerning their own person. But God wants it so that they are punished publicly, so that everyone takes heed, develops a fear of sin, and does not let their willfulness run rampant. For whoever gives room to wickedness should not think that they will escape punishment, and that the priest is only threatening them in jest to cool their temper. Those who refuse to follow parents and teachers, who administer a gentle justice.

They inflict no wounds, do not kill, only admonish with words and warn of danger. Rods and sticks they use alone, these are their greatest punishments. Those who refuse to follow them, I say, should face secular justice. It does not jest with its sword and teaches disobedient boys. They must cease, whether they want to or not, having pursued their wickedness on Earth for short or long. Thus, they meet their due reward. Furthermore, God has many ways to punish the world's wickedness. Famine, war, and pestilence, these He declares through His judgment. In addition to these, there are countless other plagues due to sins. If even these are ignored, and people do not recognize God's wrath and turn away from sin, they must ultimately receive the reward. They shall be with all devils in eternal woe and lamentation. This should always be considered, for it is the enduring truth.

So we want to conclude this action and already cease. May God grant that it was done with benefit and has created something good.

Since our endeavor has been prolonged quite a bit, I will not make it long but conclude briefly, so we don't bother you any longer. Christians may come into trouble, but they are not abandoned by God. He rescues them, even when it seems they are entirely lost. In contrast, He astonishingly topples the enemies before they realize it. The judgments are in His hand, and He governs them through all lands. Therefore, He often changes them and turns evil back into good. So that people notice and understand how everything depends on Him. And where the judges are God-fearing, especially it is found. That they are freed from many great errors through God's providence.

May He also stand by us at this time through His mercy, so that good governance may endure among us until the world's end, for we cannot extend it further, until God takes all judgments unto Himself and puts an end to all worldly rule. Herewith, we entrust ourselves to your favor, and if you have noticed any shortcomings in the art that we ought to have avoided, kindly consider it with goodwill. This we particularly strive to earn on your behalf at all times.